中国稻米

• 专论与研究 •    下一篇

耐盐碱水稻研究现状、问题与建议

  1. 1江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/国家水稻改良中心南京分中心/江苏省优质水稻工程技术研究中心,南京 210014;2江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所,江苏 盐城 224002
  • 出版日期:2019-01-20 发布日期:2019-01-20
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD01B02);江苏省重点研发计划(BE2016370);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-01-62)

Research Status, Problems and Suggestions on Salt-alkali Tolerant Rice

  • Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-20

摘要:

我国有234万hm2沿海滩涂和1亿hm2内陆盐碱地,是我国不可多得的土地后备资源,综合利用潜力巨大。水稻作为沿海滩涂和盐碱地改良的首选粮食作物,国内外学者对耐盐碱水稻开展了广泛研究。耐盐碱水稻是指能在盐(碱)浓度0.3%以上的盐碱地生长、单产在300 kg/667 m2以上的水稻品种。本文对耐盐水稻种质资源筛选、耐盐基因/QTL的定位与克隆、耐盐水稻鉴定与评价方法、耐盐水稻新品种选育及其配套栽培技术的研究进行综述,指出耐盐碱水稻研究中存在的问题,提出进一步加强耐盐碱水稻研究的建议。

关键词: 水稻, 耐盐碱, 沿海滩涂, 盐碱地

Abstract:

There are 2.33 million hectares of coastal beach land and 100 million hectares of inland saline-alkali land in China, which are rare land reserve resources and have great potential for comprehensive utilization. As the preferred food crop for coastal beach and saline-alkali land improvement, salt-alkali tolerant rice has been extensively studied by scholars at home and abroad. Salt-alkali tolerant rice refers to rice varieties that can grow in saline-alkali land with a yield of more than 4 500 kg per hectare under the condition of 0.3% saline-alkali concentration. In this paper, the screen of salt-alkali tolerant rice germplasm resources, the mapping and cloning of salt-tolerant gene/QTL, the identification and evaluation methods of salt-alkali tolerant rice, the breeding of new salt-alkali tolerant rice varieties and the related cultivation techniques were reviewed. The existing problems in salt-alkali tolerant rice research were pointed out, and suggestions for further strengthening salt-alkali tolerant rice research were put forward.

Key words: rice, salt-alkali tolerance, coastal beach land, saline-alkali land

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